本篇论文目录导航：
【题目】马克思自我意识理论的扩展研究
【第一章】马克思的《博士论文》文本解读绪论
【第二章】自我意识的生成语境
【第三章】原子偏斜运动中的自由意识
【第四章】意识自由的多重规定性
【第五章】意识自由的能动性及其实现
【第六章】意识自由与客观现实的矛盾
【结束语/参考文献】自我意识的自由向度张力分析结束语与参考文献
摘要
本文以自我意识的发现和自我意识的自由向度的张力为主线，以原子运动为切入点，对马克思的《博士论文》进行文本解读。马克思运用辩证法的眼光敏锐的发掘了伊壁鸠鲁原子论的深意：直线运动作为原子运动之定在，喻指自我意识的物质基础；偏斜运动作为原子个别性的表现，意味着自由本身；排斥是个体为脱离定在以获取自由的力量的象征。其中，直线运动和偏斜运动分别代指自我意识内部的物质与形式规定，它们共同构成完整的自我意识。自我意识和自我意识之自由的发现与抽象个别性、抽象可能性、偶然性密切相关。同时，马克思在对伊壁鸠鲁哲学和德谟克利特哲学观的比较分析过程中，很明确地表明了自己关于自我意识和意识自由的观点。马克思通过高扬自我意识的能动原则阐明了自己的无神论立场，同时也提出了自我意识的非绝对性。他指出如果滥用自我意识的能动性，势必走向唯心主义的极端，最终走向不可知论，即认为自我意识的运用有一定范围。在自由观上，马克思发现伊壁鸠鲁所追求的自由是一种自身向内的自由，这种自由只能在绝对理念中实现，因为现实中的东西都是有限的，而任何有限的东西都不是自由的，所以，伊壁鸠鲁的自由意味着个人的意识自由。正是看到了这一点，所以马克思走得更远，他认为人不仅要有意识自由，更重要的是，要有行动自由。缘于人的行动自由囿于现实的各种社会关系，所以人的自由归根结底是关系中的自由，即“定在中的自由”.马克思进而提出了实现这一自由的方法，即“哲学的世界化”和“世界的哲学化”,进而表达了哲学应该参与现实的观点。总之，人的自由应该是在发现自我意识的基础上，恰当发挥自我意识的能动性，进而在纷繁复杂的关系中实现的真正自由。
关键词：马克思《博士论文》自我意识自由实现
abstract
In this paper, the discovery of self-consciousness and the tension ofself-consciousness's freedom dimension is the main line, take the motion of atoms as thestarting point to interpretation of the text of Marx's doctoral thesis. There are threedifferent meanings in Epicurean's there atomic movement:linear movement means thebeing of getting freedom, that is the material provisions of the freedom; skewmovement represents abstract individuality, that is freedom itsel仁exclusion on behalf ofdeny, that is the strength of skew movement to deny and detach the beings. Among them,linear movement and skew movement constitutes the inherent contradictions ofself-consciousness. And there are close relations in the freedom of self-consciousness'sfounding and self-consciousness and abstract individuality and the abstract possibilityof accident. At the same time, in the process of commentting Epicurean's philosophy,Marx conveys his own points about self-consciousness and freedom. Throughhighlighting the initiative principle of self-consciousness, Marx clarify his own atheismposition. And deny the extremly nature of self-consciousness. He points out that theusing of self-consciousness have a certain range. You may move towards the extremesof idealism and ultimately toward agnosticism, if you abuse the self-consciousnessinitiative. In view of freedom, so Marx discovers the Epicurean pursuit a self inwardfreedom, and it only come ture in absolute idea, because the reality of things are limited,and any finite things are not free, therefore, that Epicurean's freedom means personalidealism freedom. Science of seen this defect, Marx goes even further, he believes thatbeing a man ,we must not only have a sense of freedom, but also have freedom of action.
Man's freedom of action is limited by the reality of social relations, so man's freedom isa freedom in relationship, thst is to say “freedom in beings”.Marx then put forward amethod to achieve this freedom, that is “the philosophy of the world” and“the world ofphilosophy”, and then describes the relationship between philosophy and reality. Inshort, the freedom of human beings should be based on finding self-consciousness, thenwe can get real free in the interactive relationship of self-consciousness and reality.
Keywords: Marx's doctoral thesisRealizationSelf-consciousness Freedom
目录
摘要
Abstract
1绪论
1.1问题的提出
1.2国内外研究现状及意义
1.3本文研究的重点、难点、创新点
2自我意识的生成语境
2.1黑格尔的自我意识对马克思的影响
2.2青年黑格尔派的意识观对马克思的影响
2.3伊壁鸠鲁哲学笔记中的新发现
3原子偏斜运动中的自由意识
3.1原子排斥与自由意识
3.2原子运动偶然性中的自由意识
3.3自由：原子偏斜运动的根源
3.4伊壁鸠鲁原子论中的自由辩证法
4意识自由的多重规定性
4.1意识自由的抽象可能性
4.2意识自由的抽象个别性
4.3意识自由的抽象时间性
5意识自由的能动性及其实现
5.1意识自由的能动性
5.2意识自由的非绝对性
5.3“定在中的自由”:理想自由之实现
6意识自由与客观现实的矛盾
6.1出版自由乃精神之特权
6.2经济自由是专制统治之谎言
结束语
致谢
参考文献
