摘 要
文化是人类在社会历史发展过程中所创造的物质财富与精神财富的总和。文化遗产分为两种：物质文化遗产和非物质文化遗产。本文主要研究的是非物质文化遗产。中华民族传统体育是我国非物质文化遗产的重要组成部分，它以汉族文化为主要形式，融合其它各种民族文化，逐渐形成了一系列的休闲、健身、养生、娱乐为主的多元化文化形式。武术是我国民族传统体育的重要组成部分，同时也是中华民族传统文化的典型代表。在世界范围内有很大的影响力。传统武术以口传身授为主要传承方式，以提高道德修养和技击能力为主体价值，注重体用兼备的中华民族传统体育活动。具体表现内容多以套路、对练、功法以及实战。
河北省沧州市地处中原，是驰名中外的武术发祥地，武术已经成了沧州的特色，在全国武术中占有重要的位置。2006 年 5 月 20 日，在国务院公布的我国第一批国家级“非物质文化遗产名录”中，沧州武术、杂技、蹴鞠等多项民族传统体育项目被收录其中，明确表明武术属于非物质文化遗产。沧州武术的代表性拳种有八大门派：包括八极、燕青、劈挂、查滑、功力、六合、太祖、八卦掌，其风格独特、自成体系、独树一帜。游身连环八卦掌是沧州传统武术当中较为独特的流派，在该地多个县市区域都有武术爱好者习练与传播，2008 年国务院公布八卦掌成为第二批国家级非物质文化遗产。在列入非物质文化遗产名录后，游身连环八卦掌在传承与发展过程中仍存在一些问题，在一定程度上影响了它的发展。
本课题运用文献资料法、调查法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法等研究方法，以游身连环八卦掌为切入点，在非物质文化遗产的角度，分析了非物质文化遗产与沧州传统武术之间的关系。主要从问卷调查的结果分析沧州不同群体对游身连环八卦掌的认识情况，了解到游身连环八卦掌在传承与发展过程中遇到的障碍包括：传承方式简单、缺乏政府有计划的指导、宣传与推广力度不够等因素，以掌握游身连环八卦掌的发展现状。同时对沧州传统武术以后的发展起到指导意义，以及对其他地区传统武术的传承与发展也具有一定的借鉴意义。
研究结论：
1. 列入非物质文化遗产名录中的游身连环八卦掌练习者在年龄、活动场所、受外来武术文化因素等方面呈现发展的不平衡。
2. 师资力量不足、传承方式简单、缺乏政府部门的支持、网络媒体的宣传推广力度不够等是影响游身连环八卦掌传承与发展的重要因素。
3. 在传统武术进校园活动中，对游身连环八卦掌的教学与推广起到了一定的促进作用，同时也推动了沧州传统武术在校园中的普及与开展。
4. 列入非物质文化遗产名录后，游身连环八卦掌的传承方式由家族传承与师徒传承向学校传承过渡，并重现希望。
5. 列入非物质文化遗产名录中的游身连环八卦掌在传承活动的开展、传承人保护措施上有待于加强和提高。同时对保护沧州传统武术具有重要的意义。
关键词：非物质文化遗产 沧州传统武术 游身连环八卦掌 传承与发展
Abstract
Culture is in the proces s of social and hi storical development of mankind has createdmaterial and spiritual wealth together. Cultural heritage can be divide d into two ca tegories:
tangible cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage. This pape r studies the intangiblecultural heritage.
On Chinese traditional sports is an important part of China's intangible cultural heritage,which the Han culture as the main form, integration of other cultures, and gradually formed aseries of leisure, fitness, health, entertainm ent-oriented forms of cultural pluralism. Martialarts are an im portant part of traditional ethnic spor ts in China, as well a s typicalrepresentatives of the traditi onal culture of the Chinese nati on. Have great influence in theworld. With oral award as the main mode of transmission of traditional martial arts to improvemorals and defense capabilities as the main value, paying attention to both Chinese traditionalsports activities. Specific content to routines, practices, methods and practical.
Cangzhou city, Hebei province, located in the Central Plains, is the birthplace of famousmartial arts, martial arts have become a feature of Cangzhou, occupies an important positionin the National Wushu. On May 20, 2006, released the first batch of S tate-level at the StateDepartment, “intangible cultural heritage”, the Cangzhou martial arts, acrobatics, Kickballand many other national and tradi tional sports to be included among them, clearly indicatethat Wushu belongs to the in tangible cultural heritage. Representation of the Cangzhoumartial arts boxing eight m asters: including the octupole, yanqi ng, hangs, check slip, ability,Chinese descent, baguazhang, uniqu e, self-contained, unique in it s style. You Shen serial isunique among traditional Baguazhang is Cang zhou martial arts genre, multiple cities andcounties in the region there is m artial arts enthusiasts practicing and spreading, baguazhangreleased in 2008, becoming the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage. After theinclusion in the list of intangible cultural heritage, visit body serial Baguazhang in heritageand there are still some problems in the development of, and to som e extent, influenced thedevelopment of it.
This topic using literature review, surveys, statistics and logic analysis, research methods,starting with You Shen serial baguazhang, angles of non-material cultural heritage, intangiblecultural heritage are analyzed and the relationship between traditional Cangzhou martial arts.
Mainly from the analysis of the results of the questionnaire on different groups in Cangzhouawareness You Shen serial baguazhang, learned to swim in a chain Bagua in inheritance anddevelopment obstacles encountered include: simple inheritance, lack of Government planningguidance, publicity and prom otion was not eno ugh and other factors in order to grasp Y ouShen serial developm ent status of Ba guazhang. While the Cangzhou later to guidedevelopment of traditional Wushu, as well as to other areas of traditio nal Wushu inheritanceand development also has a certain significance.
Conclusions:
1.the inclusion of non-m aterial cultural heritage tour body series Baguazhangpractitioners in age, recreational area, ex ternal factors of Wushu culture developm entimbalances.
2. lack of qualified teachers, si mple inheritance, lack of Government support, lack ofInternet media promotion is the swimming body series, such as Baguazhang inheritance anddevelopment of the important factors. 3. in the traditional martial arts in campus activities,You Shen s erial Baguazhang's teaching and pr omotion plays a certain role in promoting,traditional as well as driving the Cangzhou m artial arts popularity on campus. 4. after theinclusion in the list of inta ngible cultural heritage, visit body serial Baguazhang's way ofinheritance from a family inheritance and mentoring tradition the transition to school tradition,and to reproduced hope. 5. the inclusion of in tangible cultural heritage tour body seriesBaguazhang in heritage activities, heritage protection measures need to be strengthened andimproved. At the same tim e protecting tradi tional Cangzhou m artial arts is of greatsignificance.
Key words: Non-material cultural Cangzhou traditional Wushu swim the body of aseries of Eight Diagrams inheritance and development
目 录
摘 要
Abstract
引言
1 文献综述
1.1 非物质文化遗产概念的界定与分类
1.2 非物质文化遗产与民族传统体育方面的研究综述
1.3 沧州传统武术传承与发展方面的研究综述
1.4 游身连环八卦掌方面的研究综述
2 研究对象与研究方法
2.1 研究对象
2.2 研究方法
2.2.1 文献资料法
2.2.2 调查法
2.2.3 数理统计法
2.2.4 逻辑分析法
3 研究结果与分析
3.1 非物质文化遗产与沧州传统武术
3.1.1 非物质文化遗产
3.1.2 沧州传统武术
3.1.3 非物质文化遗产与沧州传统武术的关系
3.2 非物质文化遗产名录中的游身连环八卦掌
3.2.1 游身连环八卦掌的起源与传承
3.2.2 游身连环八卦掌的风格特点
3.2.3 游身连环八卦掌的价值功能
3.3 列入非物质文化遗产名录后游身连环八卦掌的发展现状与分析
3.3.1 列入非物质文化遗产名录后沧州地区游身连环八卦掌的普及程度
3.3.2 列入非物质文化遗产名录后游身连环八卦掌的传承状况
3.3.3 列入非物质文化遗产名录后政府对游身连环八卦掌的支持情况
3.3.4 列入非物质文化遗产名录后游身连环八卦掌在沧州市高校、中学以及武术学校的开展状况
3.3.5 列入非物质文化遗产名录后影响游身连环八卦掌发展的外在因素与自身发展因素
3.3.6 列入非物质文化遗产名录后对游身连环八卦掌今后发展的影响
3.4 非物质文化遗产视角下游身连环八卦掌的保护策略与发展措施
3.4.1 完善保护传统武术的立法活动，建立系统的保护机制
3.4.2 加强政府工作职能，提高游身连环八卦掌传承与发展工作效率
3.4.3 培养优秀的传承人，成立非物质文化遗产传承小组
3.4.4 继承传统转变观念
3.4.5 积极地借鉴国外相关方面的成功经验
结论与建议
参考文献
致谢
