摘要
近年来，70 后女作家付秀莹的“芳村叙事”引起了文学界的高度关注。像很多知名作家一样，付秀莹初入文坛便选好了自己的文学根据地，她痴迷地讲述着一个“芳村”的故事。2016 年出版的长篇《陌上》正是芳村的整体亮相。付秀莹笔下的芳村是华北平原上千千万万个普通乡村的代表，是当下时代风潮裹挟之下的乡村的缩影。付秀莹以尖锐的视角揭示现代性围困下乡村世界的焦虑，并以“富有灵性的个人创造”带给读者别具一格的审美感受。在“乡土文学消失论”大行其道的今天，付秀莹以崭新的姿态扛起乡土文学的大旗。
评论界对付秀莹创作的艺术性赞誉有加，关于《陌上》的现代性及现代性焦虑问题也多有关注，但大都浅尝辄止，本论文试图针对《陌上》的现代性焦虑问题展开更加全面和深入的分析，探讨当代乡土文学与当下社会接轨的问题，以期对作家创作提供参考，并对“乡土文学的现代性”问题开辟新的思路。付秀莹的《陌上》关注到了现代性对乡土家园的破坏、对乡村伦理的冲击进而深入到人性的异化，并由此进一步思考国民性痼疾问题，本论文第一章从家园之忧、伦理之殇、人性异化、国民性痼疾等角度剖析付秀莹笔下乡村的现代性焦虑。揭露深刻的内涵，区别于声嘶力竭的呐喊，付秀莹采用和风细雨的慢步调，本论文第二章解读付秀莹书写乡村现代性焦虑的书写方式，总结了付秀英《陌上》集合式主人公、串门子写法、一路风景与通篇心理、古典美的神韵、独有的色彩和声音等别具一格的艺术特色。第三章总结《陌上》的意义与不足，指出付秀莹《陌上》是乡土文学的现代性传承；尤其提出了新观点：付秀莹乡土文学开创了“诗化的反讽”的写作方式。
通过对“付秀莹《陌上》的现代性焦虑”的解读，得出结论：付秀莹以崭新的姿态接过乡土文学的大旗，其对中国乡村现代性焦虑的关注、其开创的“诗化的反讽”乡土文学书写方式，为乡土文学的命运和方向进行了有益的尝试，也由此证明了乡土文学的巨大生命力。在社会大变革时期，中国乡村如何发展、农民该何去何从、路怎么走以及留守问题、空巢老人问题、农民工问题、农民心理健康问题、农民法律意识问题等等，都值得进一步思考，都是作家应该关注的题材。
从这个意义上说，新乡土文学的天空刚刚拉开帷幕，乡土文学不但不会消失，而且会以更加丰富的姿态呈现在我们面前。
关键词：付秀莹 陌上 现代性 焦虑 反讽
Abstract:
For the past few years, Fu Xiuying, the female writer who was born on the1970s, with her “Fangcun Village Narration”, has drawn great attention from theliterary world. Like many renowned writers, Fu Xiuying has selected the base area forher literary creation since she first set foot into the field. She is devoted to telling thestory of Fangcun village, which was first depicted in her long novel Moshang （TheCountryside） published in 2016. Fangcun village is a representation of thousands ofvillages in the North China Plain, and is an epitome of China's countryside in thecurrent historical background. Taking a sharp point of view, Fu Xiuying reveals thecountryside's anxiety from being besieged by modernity. She also brings a freshaesthetic feeling to the readers with her “intelligent creation”. To refute the risingtheory that local literature is disappearing, Fu Xiuying carried forward the banner oflocal literature in a brand new gesture. .
The critics speak highly of Fu Xiuying's creation. There have been some studies onthe modernity and modernity anxiety presented in Moshang, but they all remain at thesurface level. In this paper, the author tries to make a more comprehensive and deepanalysis on the modernity anxiety in Moshang, discuss how to connect local literaturewith the current social background, so as to provide some references for literarycreation, and to introduce a new way of thinking about “the modernity of localliterature”. In Moshang, Fu Xiuying shows her concern about how modernity isdestroying the countryside and challenging the rural ethics. Furthermore, she leads thereaders to think about the distortion of humanity and the deep-rooted flaws in China'snational character. In the first chapter of this paper, the author analyzes thecountryside's modernity anxiety in Fu Xiuying's work from the following points ofview: losing their home, crisis of their ethnics, distortion of humanity, and thedeep-rooted flaws in China's national character. In the second chapter, the authorinterprets the methods employed by Fu Xiuying to write about the countryside'smodernity anxiety, and the unique artistic characteristics of Moshang-the collectiveprotagonist, the drop-around writing technique, great length of psychologicaldescriptions, classical beauty, particular colors and sounds. In the third chapter, theauthor summarizes the importance and deficiency of Moshang,points out thatMoshang is a modern heritage of local literature, and puts forward a new theory thatFu Xiuying has created a new writing method of “poetic irony”. .
After interpreting the modernity anxiety in Moshang, we can come to the followingconclusions: Fu Xiuying carried forward the banner of local literature in a brand newgesture, with her concern about the modernity anxiety in China's countryside, and hercreation of the “poetic irony” local literature writing method, she made a helpfulattempt in determining local literature's future development, and proved that local literature is full of vitality. During a time of social transformation, there are a variousof issues need our attention, and could become writing materials for authors, such as:
how should China develop its countryside; what does the future offer the peasants; theissue of left-behind children and empty-nest elderly; migrant workers issue; the issueof peasants' psychological health and law awareness. In this respect, the era of newlocal literature has just begun. Local literature will present itself in more and differentforms instead of disappearing. .
Keywords: Fu Xiuying Moshang modernity anxiety irony
目录
中文摘要
英文摘要
引言
第一章《陌上》的现代性焦虑主题
一、家园之忧
二、伦理之疡
三、人‘性异化
四、国民性，/疾
第二章《陌上》的书写方式
一集合式主人公
二·串门子写法
三、一路风景与通篇心理
四·古典美的神韵
五、独有的色彩和声音
第三章《陌上》的意义及不足
一、乡土文学的现代性传承
二、“诗化的反讽”之路
三、《陌上》的局限
结语
参考文献
